Supermassive black holes that seem too large to exist in the early universe may have grown from primordial black holes formed in the first second after the Big Bang.
In 1912, astronomer Victor Hess discovered strange, high-energy particles known as "cosmic rays." Since then, researchers have hunted for their birthplaces. Today, we know about some of the cosmic ray "launch pads", ranging from the Sun and supernova explosions to black holes and distant active galactic nuclei. What astronomers are now searching for are sources of cosmic rays within the Milky Way Galaxy.

