Constellations

What Are Constellations?

Constellations are patterns formed by groups of stars that resemble figures, animals, or objects. While the stars in a constellation may be light-years apart, from Earth they appear close together and form recognizable shapes. Across history, people used constellations for storytelling, navigation, and marking seasons. The International Astronomical Union officially recognizes 88 constellations.

Famous Northern Hemisphere Constellations

• Orion: Known as "The Hunter," it's one of the most recognizable constellations. Orion’s Belt—three stars in a straight line—is its standout feature. Visible best in winter.

• Ursa Major: Contains the Big Dipper. Two of its stars point directly to the North Star (Polaris). Visible year-round.

• Ursa Minor: Also known as the Little Dipper, with Polaris at the tip of its handle. Always visible in the northern sky.

• Cassiopeia: Forms a W-shape and is directly across from the Big Dipper in the sky. Seen year-round.

• Leo: Shaped like a lion and features the bright star Regulus. Most visible in spring.

• Cygnus: The Swan, which lies along the Milky Way. Best seen in summer.

• Scorpius: Looks like a curved scorpion’s tail and contains the red star Antares. Prominent in summer.

Famous Southern Hemisphere Constellations

• Crux: The Southern Cross, small but bright. Important for navigation in the southern skies. Visible all year.

• Centaurus: Includes Alpha and Beta Centauri, two of the brightest stars in the night sky. Best seen in late spring and summer.

• Carina: Home to Canopus, the second brightest star after Sirius. Most visible in southern summer.

How Constellations Are Used

• Navigation: Polaris helps travelers in the Northern Hemisphere find true north. Crux serves a similar role in the Southern Hemisphere.

• Seasonal Guide: Different constellations appear at different times of year, helping track seasons.

• Cultural Significance: Many cultures—Greek, Egyptian, Chinese, Indigenous—have myths and legends tied to the stars.

Tips for Stargazing

• Use star apps like SkyView, Stellarium, or Star Walk to locate constellations in real time.

• Find a dark location away from city lights for clearer views.

• Give your eyes 15–20 minutes to adjust to the dark for best visibility.